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Assortment of sushi and sashimi served on a platter in Japan

グルメ

Japan Food Guide

What to order, how to order it, and what it means — for every major Japanese cuisine.

Photo: Unsplash

Ramen — ラーメン

ラーメン

Ramen

¥900 – ¥1,500 per bowl

Photo: Unsplash

Japan's beloved noodle soup varies dramatically by region. Sapporo is known for miso ramen with corn and butter, Hakata for creamy tonkotsu pork broth, and Tokyo for soy-based shoyu ramen. The noodles, broth, and toppings are each a craft in themselves — some chefs spend years perfecting a single bowl.

What to order

Chashu pork bellySeasoned egg (ajitsuke tamago)Bamboo shoots (menma)Nori seaweedGreen onion (negi)

Dietary note

Most ramen broths contain pork or chicken. Vegetarian and vegan ramen exist but ask specifically — some shops now offer shio (salt) or shoyu (soy) with vegetable-based broths.

At the ramen ticket machine or counter

麺硬めでお願いします

Men katame de onegaishimasu

Firm noodles, please

Sushi — 寿司

寿司

Sushi

¥1,500 kaiten – ¥40,000+ omakase

Photo: Unsplash

Sushi in Japan is a world apart from what's served abroad. High-end omakase is a chef-curated tasting experience over 2 hours; kaiten-zushi (conveyor belt) is affordable and casual. The fish is seasonal and ultra-fresh — what you eat in April is different from what you eat in November. Don't add soy sauce to the rice side down; trust the chef's seasoning.

What to order

Omakase (chef's choice)Maguro (bluefin tuna)Hotate (scallop)Uni (sea urchin)Anago (sea eel)Tamago (sweet egg)

Dietary note

Almost always contains fish and seafood. Vegan or vegetarian options are nearly impossible at traditional sushi counters. Cucumber roll (kappamaki) and pickled plum roll (umeshiso) are the few veggie options.

At a sushi counter

おまかせでお願いします

Omakase de onegaishimasu

I'll leave it up to the chef

Izakaya — 居酒屋

居酒屋

Izakaya

¥2,500 – ¥5,000 per person with drinks

Photo: Unsplash

The Japanese gastropub — a lively, convivial space where groups gather to eat small sharing dishes and drink beer, sake, or shochu late into the evening. Loud, warm, smoky in the traditional ones, and one of the best ways to experience everyday Japanese social life. Order as you go; dishes arrive as they're ready.

What to order

Yakitori skewers (especially tsukune — chicken meatball)EdamameKaraage fried chickenDashimaki tamago (rolled egg)Agedashi tofu

Dietary note

Wide variety — vegetarian options are easier to find at izakayas than at specialist restaurants. Edamame, agedashi tofu, salads, and certain yakitori skewers (mushroom, bell pepper) are meat-free.

Getting a waiter's attention

すみません、生ビール一杯お願いします!

Sumimasen, nama bīru ippai onegaishimasu!

Excuse me, one draft beer please!

Tempura — 天ぷら

天ぷら

Tempura

¥1,500 teishoku set – ¥20,000+ counter

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Delicate, impossibly light battered seafood and vegetables fried to a translucent golden crisp. At a high-end counter, the chef fries each piece individually and serves it directly to you — eating at exactly the right temperature is part of the ritual. Dip briefly in tentsuyu (dashi broth dipping sauce) or salt, never drench.

What to order

Ebi (tiger shrimp)Kakiage (vegetable fritter)Kinoko (mushroom)Nasu (eggplant)Anago (sea eel)Shiso leaf

Dietary note

Vegetarian-friendly options available — ask for 'yasai tempura' (vegetable-only tempura). The batter is typically wheat flour and egg.

Ordering at a tempura restaurant

天ぷら定食をください

Tempura teishoku o kudasai

Tempura set meal, please

Wagyu Beef — 和牛

和牛

Wagyu Beef

¥5,000 – ¥50,000 per person

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Japanese wagyu is prized for its extraordinary intramuscular fat marbling. Kobe, Matsusaka, and Omi are the most celebrated brands. The fat melts at body temperature, giving it a unique silky richness unlike any other beef. Cook it yourself at a teppanyaki counter, or experience shabu-shabu (hot pot) or sukiyaki.

What to order

A5 sirloin steakSukiyaki hot potShabu-shabuWagyu nigiri sushi

Dietary note

Beef only. Not suitable for vegetarians, halal, or kosher diners. Very rich — smaller portions than you'd expect.

Asking about meat grade

A5ランクですか?

Ei faibu ranku desu ka?

Is this A5 grade?

Street Food — 屋台・B級グルメ

屋台・B級グルメ

Street Food

¥300 – ¥1,000 per item

Photo: Unsplash

Japan's street food scene peaks at summer festivals (matsuri) and in bustling covered shopping streets (shotengai). Takoyaki (octopus balls with bonito flakes) from Osaka, nikuman (pork bun) in convenience stores, and taiyaki (fish-shaped cake filled with red bean) — these are the flavors you'll remember.

What to order

Takoyaki (octopus balls)Yakisoba (fried noodles)Taiyaki (fish cake)Kakigori (shaved ice)Nikuman (pork bun)

Dietary note

Variable. Kakigori and taiyaki are typically vegetarian. Takoyaki contains octopus. Always ask — vendors at tourist areas often speak some English.

At a street food stall

ひとつください

Hitotsu kudasai

One of these, please

Making Reservations

Getting a table in Japan

Many highly-rated Japanese restaurants don't appear on English-language booking platforms. Some are reservation-only with months-long waits.

The best English-friendly systems are Tablecheck, OmaKase, and PocketConcierge. For everyday spots, walk in before the rush — 11:30am for lunch, 6pm for dinner.